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CERN Accelerating science

Published Articles

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2025-05-20
12:55
Stability of Three- and Four-Body Coulomb Systems / Martin, Andre (CERN ; Annecy, LAPP)
We discuss the stability of three- and four-particle system interacting by pure Coulomb interactions, as a function of the masses and charges of the particles. We present a certain number of general properties which allow to answer a certain number of questions without or with less numerical calculations..
Boston : Birkhäuser Boston, MA, 2004 - 13 p.

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2025-05-20
06:04
Design and qualification of a ceramic insulating break for ITER In-Vessel Coils / Macioce, Davide (Euratom, St. Paul Lez Durance) ; Vostner, Alexander (Euratom, St. Paul Lez Durance) ; Aguinaga, Cristina Jimenez ; Mitxelena, Xabier Gomez ; Gomez, Miguel Angel Lagos ; Salazar, Igor Rueda (ESS, Bilbao) ; Ruiz, Roberto San Martín (ESS, Bilbao) ; Santillana, Ignacio Aviles (CERN)
•A ceramic insulating break was qualified for the ITER In-Vessel Coils.•Dedicated tests were successfully conducted on vacuum brazed and welded joints.•All prototypes successfully passed lifetime tests like fatigue test and erosion test.•The ceramic insulating breaks (IB) are ready to be fabricated for final installation. The ITER In-Vessel Coils (IVC) are water-cooled coils, composed by a mineral-insulated copper conductor, enclosed in a stainless-steel jacket. [...]
2025 - 6 p. - Published in : Fusion Eng. Des. 216 (2025) 115112
In : 33rd Symposium on Fusion Technology, Dublin, Ireland, 23 - 27 Sep 2024, pp.115112

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2025-05-20
06:04
Advances in magnet and shielding designs for fusion and high energy physics applications / Giannini, L (Unlisted, DE) ; Luongo, C (Unlisted, DE) ; Bottura, L (CERN) ; Bordini, B (CERN) ; Lechner, A (CERN) ; Kolehmainen, A (CERN) ; Leichtle, D (KIT, Karlsruhe, TTP) ; Portone, A (Virginia Tech.) ; Testoni, P (Virginia Tech.) ; Bajari, J (Unlisted, DE) et al.
This paper introduces the work scope of a collaboration among EUROfusion, CERN, and F4E to create models and design tools applicable both for fusion devices and muon accelerator magnets. The study described here is motivated by the commonality in challenges to design magnets and radiation shields applicable to compact fusion machines to serve as neutron source, and future high-energy physics experiments such as the muon collider or high intensity neutrino factories. [...]
2025 - 5 p. - Published in : Fusion Eng. Des. 214 (2025) 114899
In : 33rd Symposium on Fusion Technology, Dublin, Ireland, 23 - 27 Sep 2024, pp.114899

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2025-05-20
06:04
Preliminary aging studies of improved RPC gaps operated with HFO based mixtures / CMS Collaboration
Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) at CMS experiment are operated with a gas mixture containing around 95% Tetrafluoroethane (C2H2F4), commonly known as R-134a, which has a global warming potential (GWP) of 1430. In the framework of the CMS Upgrade project for the High Luminosity phase, new improved RPCs (iRPC) have been developed to enhance the legacy performances in the most RPC forward region of the experiment, shown in Fig. [...]
2025 - 4 p. - Published in : Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., A 1077 (2025) 170341

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2025-05-20
04:04
Isovector axial and pseudoscalar form factors from twisted mass lattice QCD at the physical point / Alexandrou, Constantia (Cyprus U. ; Cyprus Inst.) ; Bacchio, Simone (Cyprus Inst.) ; Constantinou, Martha (Temple U.) ; Finkenrath, Jacob (CERN) ; Frezzotti, Roberto (INFN, Rome) ; Kostrzewa, Bartosz (Bonn U., ITKP) ; Koutsou, Giannis (Cyprus Inst.) ; Spanoudes, Gregoris (Cyprus U.) ; Urbach, Carsten (Bonn U., ITKP)
We present the isovector axial, induced pseudoscalar, and pseudoscalar form factors of the nucleon using three twisted-mass fermion ensembles with degenerate up- and down-, strange-, and charm-quarks with masses tuned to their physical values (physical point). The three ensembles have lattice spacing a=0.08, 0.068, and 0.057 fm and approximately equal physical volume allowing for the continuum limit to be taken at the physical point. [...]
arXiv:2502.07583.- 2025-02-10 - 10 p. - Published in : PoS LATTICE2024 (2025) 330 Fulltext: 2502.07583 - PDF; document - PDF;
In : 41st International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2024), Liverpool, United Kingdom, 20 Jul - 3 Aug 2024, pp.330

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2025-05-17
06:55
TlCl:Be,I: A High Sensitivity Scintillation and Cherenkov Radiator for TOF-PET / Kratochwil, Nicolaus (CERN ; UC, Davis) ; Kaneshige, Nathaniel (Everett Comm. Coll.) ; Terragni, Giulia (CERN ; TU Vienna) ; Cala, Roberto (CERN ; INFN, Milan Bicocca) ; Schott, Jared (Everett Comm. Coll.) ; Loef, Edgar van (Everett Comm. Coll.) ; Pandian, Lakshmi Soundara (Everett Comm. Coll.) ; Roncali, Emilie (UC, Davis) ; Glodo, Jaroslaw (Everett Comm. Coll.) ; Auffray, Etiennette (CERN) et al.
The material requirements for gamma-ray detectors for medical imaging applications are multifold and sensitivity is often overlooked. High effective atomic number (Z eff ) Cherenkov radiators have raised the attention in the community due to their potential for harvesting prompt photons. [...]
2025 - 8 p. - Published in : IEEE Trans. Rad. Plasma Med. Sci. 9 (2025) 296-303 Fulltext: PDF;

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2025-05-17
06:55
Editorial—Focus point on citizen science for physics: from education to crowdsourcing fundamental research / Hatzifotiadou, Despina (INFN, Bologna ; CERN) ; Caron, Christian (Springer Verlag)
Citizen science—research conducted with the participation of the general public independently of their level of expertise on a given subject matter—is growing in popularity and is certainly encouraged by many stakeholders, as it cements that much-needed interrelation of a modern society with the scientific and technological understanding of its members, and as a powerful tool to promote public engagement in general. It also helps in appreciating the publicly funded fundamental research and in inspiring the next generation of scientists..
2025 - 3 p. - Published in : Eur. Phys. J. Plus 140 (2025) 57

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2025-05-17
06:55
Helicopter Turboshaft Engines’ Neural Network System for Monitoring Sensor Failures / Vladov, Serhii (Unlisted, UA) ; Ścisło, Łukasz (Cracow Tech. U.) ; Szczepanik-Ścisło, Nina (Cracow Tech. U. ; CERN) ; Sachenko, Anatoliy (Unlisted, UA) ; Perzyński, Tomasz (Unlisted, PL) ; Vasylenko, Viktor (Unlisted, UA) ; Vysotska, Victoria (Lviv Polytechnic Inst. ; Osnabruck U.)
An effective neural network system for monitoring sensors in helicopter turboshaft engines has been developed based on a hybrid architecture combining LSTM and GRU. This system enables sequential data processing while ensuring high accuracy in anomaly detection. [...]
2025 - 36 p. - Published in : Sensors 25 (2025) 990 Fulltext: PDF;

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2025-05-17
06:55
Neural Network Method of Controllers’ Parametric Optimization with Variable Structure and Semi-Permanent Integration Based on the Computation of Second-Order Sensitivity Functions / Vladov, Serhii (Unlisted, UA) ; Scislo, Lukasz (Cracow Tech. U.) ; Szczepanik-Ścisło, Nina (Cracow Tech. U. ; CERN) ; Sachenko, Anatoliy (Unlisted, UA ; Unlisted, PL) ; Vysotska, Victoria (Unlisted, UA)
This article presents a method for researching processes in automatic control systems based on the operator approach for modelling the control object and the controller. Within the method framework, a system of equations has been developed that describes the relations between the control error, the reference and control action, the output coordinate and the controller and the control object operators. [...]
2025 - 30 p. - Published in : Appl. Sciences 15 (2025) 2586 Fulltext: PDF;

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2025-05-17
06:55
Impact of the drift length on the performance of MR-ToF devices / Maier, F M (CERN ; Greifswald U. ; TRIUMF ; Unlisted, US) ; Buchinger, F (McGill U.) ; Costa, B Arderucio (Troy U.) ; Heylen, H (CERN) ; Kanitz, C (CERN) ; Kwiatkowski, A A (TRIUMF) ; Lagaki, V (CERN ; Greifswald U.) ; Lechner, S (CERN) ; Leistenschneider, E (CERN ; LBNL, Berkeley) ; Neyens, G (CERN ; Leuven U.) et al.
Multi-Reflection Time-of-Flight (MR-ToF) devices are powerful tools for high-precision mass spectrometry, highly selective and high-flux mass separation as well as, most recently, for highly sensitive laser spectroscopic applications. In this work, various ion-optical simulations are conducted to provide insights into optimizing the design of the MR-ToF apparatus to enhance performance across its diverse application fields. [...]
2025 - Published in : Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., A 1075 (2025) 170365 Fulltext: PDF;

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